Англо-русский экономический словарь.
Production–possibility frontier — In economics, a production–possibility frontier (PPF), sometimes called a production–possibility curve or product transformation curve, is a graph that compares the production rates of two commodities that use the same fixed total of the factors… … Wikipedia
Economic calculation problem — The economic calculation problem is a criticism of socialist economics. It was first proposed by Ludwig von Mises in 1920 and later expounded by Friedrich Hayek.cite book title= Economic calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth accessdate=2008… … Wikipedia
Sex allocation — is the allocation of resources to male versus female reproduction in sexual species (Charnov 1982). Sex allocation depends upon the breeding system of a species, as well as how reproduction is carried out within each breeding system. Breeding… … Wikipedia
The Problem of Social Cost — is an article published by Ronald Coase in 1960 in the Journal of Law and Economics about economic problem of externalities. It draws from a number of English legal cases and statutes to illustrate Coase s belief that legal rules are only… … Wikipedia
Economic problem — The economic problem, sometimes called the fundamental economic problem, is one of the fundamental economic theories in the operation of any economy. It asserts that there is scarcity, that the finite resources available are insufficient to… … Wikipedia
Relations of production — (German: Produktionsverhältnisse ) is a concept frequently used by Karl Marx in his theory of historical materialism and in Das Kapital. Beyond examining specific cases, Marx never defined the general concept exactly. It is evident, though, that… … Wikipedia
mass production — the production or manufacture of goods in large quantities, esp. by machinery. [1915 20] * * * Application of the principles of specialization, division of labour, and standardization of parts to the manufacturing of goods on a large scale.… … Universalium
Linear production game — ( LP Game ) is a N person game in which the value of a coalition can be obtained by solving a Linear Programming problem. It is widely used in the context of resource allocation and payoff distribution. Mathematically, there are m types of… … Wikipedia
Primary production — For other uses, see Primary production (economics). Global oceanic and terrestrial photoautotroph abundance, from September 1997 to August 2000. As an estimate of autotroph biomass, it is only a rough indicator of primary production potential,… … Wikipedia
Free rider problem — For the article about when a brokerage client purchases shares beyond his or her means, see free riding. In economics, collective bargaining, psychology, and political science, a free rider (or freeloader) is someone who consumes a resource… … Wikipedia
operations research — the analysis, usually involving mathematical treatment, of a process, problem, or operation to determine its purpose and effectiveness and to gain maximum efficiency. [1940 45, Amer.] * * * Application of scientific methods to management and… … Universalium
